What is USB-A?
A USB "Type A" connection refers to the physical design of a USB port. Each USB connection includes the host device's port, connecting cable, and receiver device. USB-A is the traditional USB host interface design and is one of the easiest devices to identify.
Interestingly, there is no USB-B host port. The USB-B design is a receive port on a device connected to a host. Type B connections are also easy to identify because they are square in design, almost like the shape of a tiny house. If you look at a type-a cable, you'll see a type-a connection on one end and a type-B connection on the other.
Note that there are also subsets in this design, such as USB Mini A and USB Micro A, which have different port designs, but these are not important for our current discussion.
What is USB-C and how is it different?
USB-C is a newer port design that was officially announced in 2014, although it took a few years for it to reach a wide range of consumer devices, as we see it today. USB-C is a brand new USB port that solves a lot of problems with the old USB-A port. Key features of USB-C include: a thinner design that can fit a port no matter its orientation flips, and is designed to replace A, B, mini and micro connected together.
A 100-watt, 20-volt connection, more powerful than the old port, can conveniently power larger devices and potentially higher transfer speeds than USB-A.
Power delivery is supported, making it possible to charge devices on both ends (like the right cable), and to charge larger devices.
Support for higher quality video transfer, including the ability to transfer 4K video to the screen.
Alternate mode is supported, allowing a large number of different adapters for specific connections (such as HDMI or VG) or older types of USB connections.
Potential compatibility with Thunderbolt 3 connectivity, which means a USB-C port can act as a Thunderbolt 3 port with additional hardware.
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